Background: Among the most robust neural abnormalities differentiating individuals with Attention-Deficit/\r\nHyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) from typically developing controls are elevated levels of slow oscillatory activity\r\n(e.g., theta) and reduced fast oscillatory activity (e.g., alpha and beta) during resting-state electroencephalography\r\n(EEG). However, studies of resting state EEG in adults with ADHD are scarce and yield inconsistent findings.\r\nMethods: EEG profiles, recorded during a resting-state with eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions, were compared\r\nfor college students with ADHD (n = 18) and a nonclinical comparison group (n = 17).\r\nResults: The ADHD group showed decreased power for fast frequencies, especially alpha. This group also showed\r\nincreased power in the slow frequency bands, however, these effects were strongest using relative power\r\ncomputations. Furthermore, the theta/beta ratio measure was reliably higher for the ADHD group. All effects were\r\nmore pronounced for the eyes-closed compared to the eyes-open condition. Measures of intra-individual variability\r\nsuggested that brains of the ADHD group were less variable than those of controls.\r\nConclusions: The findings of this pilot study reveal that college students with ADHD show a distinct neural pattern\r\nduring resting state, suggesting that oscillatory power, especially alpha, is a useful index for reflecting differences in\r\nneural communication of ADHD in early adulthood.
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